No brain, no pain: Hypnosis can replace anesthesia in brain surgery – study

No brain, no pain: Hypnosis can replace anesthesia in brain surgery – study

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For many people, the idea of being awake while your skull is cut open sounds like something straight out of a horror movie. However, 37 people decided to forgo anesthetics for brain surgery and opted to receive hypnosis instead.
Hypnosis in surgery is not a new concept. In 1864 a Scottish surgeon named James Esdaile reported “80 percent surgical anesthesia using hypnosis as the sole anesthetic for amputations in India,” according to the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. In 1957, Dr. William Saul Kroger caught the New York Time’s attention when he used hypnosis on a breast cancer patient, the Miami Herald reported.

However, Dr. Ilyess Zemmoura of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours and his colleagues have been evaluating the effects of using anesthesia since 2011. Focusing primarily on brain cancer patients, he and his team have been conducting awake operations to remove brain cancer tumors.

Certain brain operations require patients to be awake for at least part of the process. These surgeries are very tricky, according to the International Business Times, and surgeons depend on certain responses and interactions to avoid damaging critical parts of the brain, such as the eloquent cortex.

Typically when a patient undergoes brain surgery, they will be put to sleep at the beginning of the operation prior to the skull being opened, woken up in the middle to ensure responses are normal, then put back to sleep again. This process is known as asleep-awake-asleep ‒ or AAA – which seems like an onomatopoeia when thinking about waking up in the middle of brain surgery.

Zemmoura and other researchers detailed the hypnosis process to a total of 48 patients, according to Ars Technica. Hypnosis sedation, much like AAA sedation, begins several weeks prior to the operation. The patient meets with a hypnotist to practice entering a trance. From 2011 to 2015, 37 of the 48 underwent brain surgery using hypnosis sedation. Six patients were unable to enter a trance at the time of the surgery and switched to AAA sedation.

While the drawbacks to hypnotherapy may seem obvious ‒ waking up out of the trance, pain, sneezing while a surgeon has their hands on your brain ‒ there are many benefits as well. The Journal of the National Cancer Institute estimated that the use of hypnosis could save both time and up to $338 per procedure.

Although some in the medical community remain skeptical – there was no control group in the study to compare results with – Zemmoura’s small patient group largely reported positive results. Follow-up questionnaires showed little to no negative psychological impact, Neuroscience News reported.

The Model of the Mind – Part 2 The Conscious Mind

The Model of the Mind – Part 2 The Conscious Mind

The Model of the Mind – Part 2 – The Conscious Mind

 

The Conscious Mind

The conscious mind is aware while an individual is awake. Most people operate day-by-day in life and associate with as who you are. Your character, your personality. How the world sees us.

I once read a good analogy that the conscious mind is like the captain of a ship standing on the bridge giving orders to the crew in the engine room located in the lower deck. The crew in the engine room carries out the orders of the captain. The captain (conscious) is in charge, but it is the crew (subconscious) that guides the ship (You). The ship’s ability to operate depends on how the crew has been trained over the years. How they have been “conditioned” to function under any situation.

The conscious mind is conceptual, calculating, and interpreting data. It is the part of your mind that brings up the “would have, could have, should have” and the part that is questioning and second-guessing. It is the monkey mind we constantly “hear” when we try to close our eyes to go to sleep or meditate.

It is the Look, Listen, and Learn part of our mind! It learns how to fix a washing machine by reading a manual or watching a YouTube video.

The conscious mind can only focus attention on a few tasks. Short term memory. Research indicates that the conscious mind can be aware of five to nine pieces of information. Anymore it overloads. Now where did I put my keys?

Analysis/Choice

The conscious mind mentally goes through an analysis and steps to eliminate limited alternatives based on needs, goals, or a problem, i.e. deciding to quit your current job with higher pay and no benefits vice accepting a lower paying job with benefits.

It makes choices, the option of possibilities. Making a decision when faced with two or more alternatives, for example, choosing between a red or blue car.

It accepts or rejects information; i. e. a job offer with better pay.

It judges, analyzes, and criticizes people, places or things. “That girls dress is ugly; I would not be caught in my worst nightmare in it! She must be trailer park trash!”

The ability to decide is the most important aspect of our conscious mind, freedom of choice! It is what makes us human!

Inductive and deductive reasoning.

Inductive reasoning takes specific information and makes a broader generalization that is considered probable, allowing the fact that the conclusion may not be accurate. For example, “My dog is small, and his fur is brown, so all small dog’s fur is brown”.

Deductive reasoning is a type of reasoning, which goes from general to specific. Deductive reasoning is based on logic, and if the logic is true, then the reasoning will be valid. All dogs have two ears; my shelties are dogs, and so shelties have two ears.

Logic

It is the ‘Thinking” aspect of our conscious mind. Logic is correct reasoning from wrong reasoning. Analyze a problem. It is evaluating arguments and explanations from several sources of information or data to reach a conclusion based on the knowledge an individual possesses, as accurately as possible. If X > 20 and 20 > 2, then X > 2.

Logic is not common sense.

Will/Volition

Volition or will is the cognitive process by which an individual decides on and commits to a particular course of action. Being able to do a thing at any given moment. When a person makes up his or her mind to do a thing. It is where our willpower stems from to accomplish a task, or run that extra mile.

Five Senses

It is aware of the five senses, sight, taste, smell, touch, and hearing.

It is aware of the present moment. It is aware of the current environment outside as well as thoughts that are present on the inside. It is aware of any physical activity, walking, breathing, muscle movement, etc. The touch of two connecting hands, with your wife, girlfriend, boyfriend in the park. Listening to the sounds of the birds make, feeling the breeze upon your skin. Seeing children play in the background amongst freshly cut grass. The smell of the freshly cut grass thru your nostrils, Got to love the smell of freshly cut grass.

The Critical Factor

The critical factor is part of the conscious mind. It is the gatekeeper and filtering mechanism of the conscious mind. The doorway to the subconscious.

It examines, interprets, and filters new ideas and information. Its function is to compare the new ideas and information to what is stored in the subconscious mind from past experiences and interpretations. If the ideas or information match it allows them into the subconscious mind, if the new ideas or information does not match or conflict with past programming, it rejects them back into the conscious mind for further review and analysis. If the idea or information, match earlier past programming, then it is accepted by the subconscious, reinforcing old ideas or information.

The critical factor is not present in young children. As a young child, the door is wide open to the subconscious mind. From the age of seven to 11 the critical factor begins to “solidify” and by the age of 15 the door is closed. Any belief in one’s self, idea or information that is accepted or decided to be true, positive or negative, is imprinted and programmed into the subconscious as fact. This is not permanent and can be amended or changed.

Note: Bypassing the critical factor is the key to real change. Hypnosis lifts the “veil” of the critical factor; so new ideas and information can be placed into the subconscious mind.

To Learn about the subconscious mind <Click Here>.

 

 

The Model of the Mind Part 1

The Model of the Mind – Part 1

You are not your brain!

You are your mind!

The human brain is a biological organ and it is the command center of the nervous system. The adult human brain is a three-pound mass of gray matter that is located inside the head and between the ears. There are different interpretations of what the mind is and its correlation between the brain. They are not one and the same.

It is generally accepted that the brain is the physical place where the mind resides. Electronic impulses that create thought are contained in the brain. It is receiving, interpreting, and disseminating sensory information throughout your body. It coordinates movement, organ function, and transmits impulses.

It is theorized that the mind is the manifestations of thought, perception, emotion, determination, memory, and imagination that take place within the brain.

Think of your body as a computer, the brain being the hardware so it can perform functions and the mind being the software to make it run.

The mind has been highly debated over the years by psychologists, philosophers, and scientists because it is subjective and hard to prove it exists.  In reality the vast majority of the parts of the mind do not exist, they are oversimplified names for a perplexing orchestra of procedures. A simple approach so, it is understandable and makes sense. So the mind is open to interpretation and should be viewed not as a science, but as a philosophy. Ones personal philosophy.

Some schools of thought interpret the mind as having two characteristics of itself. The Conscious and Subconscious, which is also referred to as the Unconscious Mind. Or they view the unconscious mind separate from the subconscious. They are one in the same. So by definition, you will get different arguments because it is very subjective. The mind is still a mystery. 

The concept of the conscious and unconscious mind was nothing new when Sigmund Freud’s developed his concept of the mind. But he did make it popular. His representation of the mind was like an iceberg. This model has since been disputed by modern day psychology for its inability to be scientifically measured objectively. But it was a great launching pad for other theories of the mind. Did you know that Sigmund Freud used hypnosis before developing psychoanalysis?

   of the “The  Model of the Triune Mind” is the model I use to educate my co-therapists or clients. Education is important to understand how beliefs in one’s self are formed. Why we do the things we do. When we do have a understanding of the mind and with the proper tools we can change those behavioral patterns.

The Simmerman Sierra model of the mind has three characteristics, or levels of conscious awareness: conscious, subconscious, and superconscious, each with its functions and capabilities.

The conscious mind can best be represented by the keyboard and monitor of a computer. Information from an outside or inside source is inputted as data via the computers keyboard and displayed on the monitor screen into your conscious awareness.

The subconscious is like the RAM (random access memory)  and the hard drive on a computer. Information or data is stored on the computer hard drive as short or long term memories, beliefs, habits, or behavioral patterns. When memories or information is needed it is read from the hard drive, placed in the computer memory and then displayed on the computer monitor (conscious awareness). Memories and programming are stored on the hard drive since birth. Some memories can either be suppressed or repressed.

Your Superconscious Mind is like the Internet, the network connection were we could access a wide range of resource data. It can also be  referred to as Infinite Intelligence, the Universal Mind, or Consciousness.  

Ever wonder why true psychics get their information? It is not that they were afforded special abilities they are just more “aware”.

Modern Science calls Conciousness and it’s relation to the Brain “The Hard Problem”.

In this four part series, we will explore how the mind is interpreted using this “Model of the Mind”.

To read about the Conscious Mind <read more>

Hypnotherapy DOES work for pain control

Hypnotherapy DOES work for pain control

Posted on 21st January, 2015 by NCH News